I Know You Love Me Baby Tina Turner
| The Kings of Rhythm | |
|---|---|
 Ike Turner'south Kings of Rhythm (1956). Dorsum: Jackie Brenston, Raymond Colina, Eddie Jones, Fred Sample, Baton Gayles. Front: Jesse Knight Jr., Ike Turner, and Eugene Washington | |
| Background information | |
| Also known as | Jackie Brenston & His Delta Cats, Ike Turner & His Orchestra, Ike Turner's Kings Of Rhythm, Nasty Minds, Family unit Vibes |
| Origin | Clarksdale, Mississippi, U.S. |
| Genres | Jump blues, rhythm and dejection, stone and roll, funk, soul |
| Years agile | 1940s–nowadays |
| Labels | Sunday, Modern, Sue, Sonja, Sony, Teena, United Artists |
| Associated acts | Ike & Tina Turner, Ike Turner, The Tophatters, The Ikettes |
| Members |
|
| Past members | Ike Turner Jackie Brenston Willie Kizart Raymond Hill Willie "Bad Boy" Sims Johnny O'Neal Eugene Washington Billy Gayles Clayton Dearest Ernest Lane Jesse Knight Jr. Bonnie Turner Annie Mae Wilson Jimi Hendrix Leon Blue Mack Johnson Clifford Solomon Baton Preston Jackie Clark Warren Dawson Mark Landon Soko Richardson Run across members section for others |
The Kings of Rhythm are an American rhythm and blues and soul group formed in the late 1940s in Clarksdale, Mississippi and led by Ike Turner through to his death in 2007. Turner would retain the name of the band throughout his career, although the group has undergone considerable line-upward changes over fourth dimension.
The grouping was an offshoot of a big big ring ensemble called the Tophatters. By the late 1940s, Turner had renamed this group the Kings of Rhythm. Their early stage performances consisted largely of covers of popular jukebox hits of the day.[1] In 1951, Turner and his Kings of Rhythm recorded the song "Rocket 88" (credited to Jackie Brenston and His Delta Cats)," which is a contender for the first stone and roll record. The song is inducted into the Dejection Hall of Fame, the Grammy Hall of Fame, and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Singles.[2] [3]
In the 1960s, the Kings of Rhythm became the band for the Ike & Tina Turner Revue. For a few years in the early 1970s they were renamed the Family Vibes, and released two albums nether that proper noun. After the disbanding of the Ike & Tina Turner Revue in 1976, Turner revived the Kings of Rhythm in 2001 and released the Grammy-nominated album Hither And At present. The Kings of Rhythm backed Turner on his Grammy-winning album Risin' With The Blues (2006).[4] After Turner died in 2007, the band for some fourth dimension was under the leadership of pianist Ernest Lane, who was a childhood friend of Turner's. The Kings of Rhythm proceed to perform with vocalist Earl Thomas.[five]
Career [edit]
Germination: The Tophatters [edit]
Equally a teenager, Ike Turner joined a large rhythm ensemble in Clarksdale, Mississippi called the Tophatters, which included musicians Raymond Colina, Eugene Fox, and Clayton Dear.[1] [6] They performed at local dances, playing big ring arrangements from sail music.[7] At one signal the Tophatters had over 30 members, and eventually divide into two, with 1 human action who wanted to conduct on playing dance band jazz calling themselves the Dukes of Swing and the other, led past Turner becoming the Kings of Rhythm.[8] A rivalry between the two erstwhile factions of the Tophatters lasted for some time, with the two staging an open air 'battle-of-the-bands' where they played from atop two flatbed trucks every fortnight.[7]
1940s: Early years [edit]
The Kings of Rhythm had a regular Wednesday night residency at Clarksdale's Harlem Theater. This got them bookings around the Mississippi Delta region. Their early stage performances consisted largely of covers of popular jukebox hits.[ix] In March 1951 whilst driving between gigs, the Kings of Rhythm dropped in on a B.B. King club engagement in Chambers, Mississippi. Turner persuaded King to let the band sit down in and play a number with him. King contests this, remembering that information technology was but Turner who sat in with his band. They were well received and the club owner booked them for a weekend residency, whilst King recommended them to Sam Philips at Dominicus Studios in Memphis, Tennessee.[7] In the 1950s, The Kings received regular airplay from live sessions on Clarksdale radio station WROX-AM, at the behest of DJ Early Wright. The band would sometimes play a session that lasted an hr.[10]
1951: "Rocket 88" [edit]
Sam Phillips invited the Kings of Rhythm downward to Memphis to tape at Sun Studios, and the group had to devise an original song at short notice for the session. The saxophonist, Jackie Brenston, suggested a song nearly the new Rocket 88 Oldsmobile. Turner worked out the system and the piano introduction and the band collaborated on the rest with Brenston on vocals.[vii] [9] "Rocket 88" came out with the group erroneously credited as Jackie Brenston and his Delta Cats, instead of Ike Turner and his Kings of Rhythm featuring Jackie Brenston.[1] The single went on to sell half a million copies, reaching the elevation of the Billboard R&B charts in June 1951. The success of the record caused divisions within the group, with Brenston assertive he was now the star and should front the group, and Turner and Raymond Hill bitter that they had received little recognition or recompense for writing and recording a hit tape. Turner and the ring were only paid $20 each for the tape,[11] with the exception of Brenston who sold the rights to Phillips for $910.[12]
The group'due south regular singer, Johnny O'Neal, had left prior to the recording of "Rocket 88" to sign a contract with King Records, but Turner even so refused to allow Brenston to take over as singer. Following the success of the record, Brenston was convinced he was the star of the group and left to pursue a solo career.[i] This caused the group to fall apart with some members backing Brenston on the road. However Turner held onto the name and soon reformed the Kings of Rhythm with a new line-upward.[7]
1952–1954: Sun/Mod Records [edit]
Between 1952 and 1954, Turner became a session musician and production banana for Sam Philips at Sun Records and the Bihari brothers at Modern/RPM Records. Turner was too a freelance talent scout, and used the Kings of Rhythm as session musicians. They played on many recording for the Biharis' Modern, RPM, and Flair labels.[i]
Turner's wife Bonnie Turner was a pianist and vocalist in his new line-upward. They released the tape, "My Heart Belongs To Yous" / "Looking for My Infant" from RPM in 1952. The Kings of Rhythm which included Bonnie Turner, Raymond Hill, Baton "The Kid" Emerson and Johnny O'Neal recorded for Sun in 1953 and 1954. Some of the recordings remained unissued until Charly Records released of Sun: The Roots Of Rock: Book 3: Delta Rhythm Kings in 1976.[13] Turner and the Kings of Rhythm last recorded for Sun in 1958 with Tommy Hodge, by then, Phillips had shifted his focus onto rockabilly music and wasn't recording many black musicians anymore.[14]
1954–1962: St. Louis [edit]
In late 1954, Turner took the reformed version of Kings of Rhythm north to East St. Louis,[15] which included Kizart, Sims, O'Neal, Jesse Knight Jr. and Turner's then wife Annie Mae Wilson on piano and vocals. Around this time, Turner moved over to playing guitar to adjust Wilson, taking lessons from Willie Kizart to improve.[one]
Turner maintained strict discipline over the ring, insisting they lived in a large house with him and then he could conduct early morning rehearsals at a moment's notice. He would fire anyone he suspected of drinking or taking drugs, and would fine ring-members if they played a wrong note.[1] He controlled everything from the arrangements downwardly to the suits the ring wore onstage. Starting off playing at a order called Kingsbury's in Madison, Illinois, within a yr Turner had built upwardly a full gig schedule, establishing his group as one of the most highly rated on the St. Louis lodge circuit, vying for popularity with their only real competition, Sir John's Trio featuring Chuck Berry.[xvi] The bands would play all-nighters in St. Louis, then cantankerous the river to the clubs of Eastward St. Louis, and continue playing until dawn. In St. Louis for the first time Turner and the ring were exposed to a developing white teenage audience who were excited by rhythm and blues.[1] Clubs they played in St. Louis included Guild Imperial, which was popular with white teenagers, The Dynaflow, The Moonlight Lounge, Club Riviera and the W Cease Walters. In East St. Louis, the group would play at Kingsbury'south, Manhattan Club and The Sportsman.[1] [17]
In between alive dates, Turner took the band to Cincinnati to record for Federal in 1956. The session produced the regional hit "I'grand Tore Upwardly," featuring lead vocalist Billy Gayles.[12] In 1958, the band recorded for Cobra/Artistic in Chicago, serving equally the house band for Buddy Guy, Otis Rush, and Betty Everett.[18] Turner befriended St. Louis R&B fan Bill Stevens, who in 1959 gear up upwards the brusk-lived record label, Stevens Records, which was financed past his father Fred Stevens.[19] [20] Turner and the Kings of Rhythm recorded for Stevens, of which seven singles were released and after included on the Red Lightnin' compilation Hey Hey (1984).[21]
1960–1976: The Ike & Tina Turner Revue [edit]
After the add-on of his future wife Petty Ann (Tina Turner) equally lead vocaliser, Turner formed the Ike & Tina Turner Revue.[12] The creation of the revue was in a large office the birth of the soul revues of the 1960s. The Kings of Rhythm and Tina were joined on stage past the Ikettes who contributed backing vocals and choreographed trip the light fantastic toe moves. Equally backing band to the duo, the band played on many substantial soul hits, including the 1000000 sellers "A Fool In Love" (1960) and "Information technology'south Gonna Work Out Fine"(1961) both for Sue Records.[vii] Likewise included in the revue were male singers Stacy Johnson, Vernon Guy, Jimmy Thomas and Bobby John.[22] [xv] Turner moved the revue to California in 1962.[i]
In the mid-1960s Jimi Hendrix briefly played backing guitar in the band.[23] Turner fired him because his guitar solos became "so elaborate they overstepped the bounds."[24] [25] In 1964, the band released the single "Getting Nasty" / "Nutting Up" under the alias Nasty Minds on Turner'southward Sonja label.[1] In addition the band appeared on local tv set shows and toured the Chitlin' Circuit. The Ike & Tina Turner Revue was featured in the 1966 concert film The Big T.North.T. Prove. The lineup for that functioning was Turner and Herb Sadler on guitar, James Norwood on drums, Sam Rhodes on bass and Ernest Lane on piano. In the fall of 1966, the Ike Tina Turner Reve joined the Rolling Stones in their British Tour.[26] They as well joined the Rolling Stones for their American Tour in 1969.[26]
Past 1970, Ike & Tina Turner had a resurgence on the charts with their rock covers. Post-obit the success of their unmarried "Proud Mary" in 1971, the Kings of Rhythm were renamed the Family Vibes.[27] They released 2 albums every bit the Family unit Vibes, Strange Fruit (1972) and Confined to Soul (1973), both produced by Turner. The Ike & Tina Turner Revue disbanded in 1976.[one]
1986–1987: St. Louis Kings of Rhythm [edit]
In 1986, a revival of the King of Rhythm consisting of several veteran members toured Europe as the St. Louis Kings Of Rhythm. The tour extended into 1987, and an anthology titled St. Louis Kings Of Rhythm was released on Timeless Records in Europe. Mayor Vincent Schoemehl officially appointed the St. Louis Kings Of Rhythm ambassadors for the Metropolis of St. Louis.[28]
2001–present: Reformation [edit]
In the belatedly 1990s Turner toured with Joe Louis Walker, the positive response to the tour encouraged him to reform the Kings of Rhythm. The King of Rhythm toured the U.South. in 2001 and headlined a showcase at South by Southwest where they were hailed as 1 of the highlights of the conference.[29] [xxx] This led to the recording and release of the Grammy-nominated album Hither And Now (2001) by Turner and the Kings of Rhythm. The album won ii W.C. Handy Awards, the Blues Foundation's equivalent of the Grammy Awards, for All-time Traditional Blues Anthology and Comeback Album of the Twelvemonth in 2002.[31] They received positive reviews for their performances at various music festivals, including Montreux Jazz Festival (2002), N Ocean Jazz Festival (2002), and Jazz à Vienne (2004).[32] [33]
The Kings of Rhythm backed Turner on his Grammy-winning album Risin' With The Dejection (2006).[4] Afterward Turner died in December 2007, the band was temporarily nether the leadership of pianist Ernest Lane (1931–2012), a childhood friend of Turner's.[34] The ring performed Turner's classic songs at his funeral.[15] Since 2008, the ring has performed with vocalist Earl Thomas.[five] Thomas became a fan of Ike & Tina Turner after watching the picture Soul To Soul (1971) as a child. He met Turner in 2004 and remained in contact with him until his death.[35]
Legacy [edit]
Past some accounts, "Rocket 88" is considered the first rock and roll record.[36] [37]
Speaking on "Rocket 88" being a contender for the first rock 'north' whorl tape, broadcaster Paul Gambaccini said:
In musical terms [he was] very important. "Rocket 88" is one of the two records that can claim to be the first rock 'n' whorl record, the other existence "The Fat Man" past Fats Domino from 1949. Merely "Rocket 88" does have a couple of elements which "The Fat Human" did not. The wailing saxophone and that distorted electric guitar. It was number one in the rhythm and dejection chart for v weeks, it's in the Grammy Hall of Fame and information technology was an indisputable merits to fame for Ike Turner, even though his lead singer and saxophonist, Jackie Brenston, got the label credit.[38]
Awards [edit]
"Rocket 88" was inducted into the Dejection Hall of Fame in 1991, the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1998, and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Singles in 2018.[two] [3]
Band members [edit]
1951 Rocket 88 recording ring (Jackie Brenston and His Delta Cats) [edit]
- Ike Turner – Piano
- Jackie Brenston – Saxophone, vocals
- Willie Kizart – Guitar
- Raymond Hill – Saxophone
- Willie "Bad Male child" Sims – Drums
1950s–1960s members [edit]
- Ike Turner – Piano
- Jackie Brenston – Saxophone, vocals
- Billy Gayles – Vocals, drums
- Johnny O'Neal – Vocals
- Willie "Bad Boy" Sims – Drums
- Raymond Colina – Saxophone
- Bobby Fields
- Vernon Guy – Vocals
- Bob Prindall – Drums
- Edward Nash
- Eugene Washington – Drums
- Eddie Jones – Tenor saxophone
- Eugene Flim-flam
- Clifford Solomon[39]
- Clayton Love – Vocals
- Carlson Oliver – Vocals
- Jimmy Thomas – Vocals
- Bobby John – Vocals
- Stacy Johnson – Vocals
- Jimi Hendrix – Guitar[23]
- Ernest Lane (early on 60s and 1999–2009)[40]
- Larry Lynch – Bass[41]
- Al McKay – Guitar[42]
- Leon Blue – Piano
- James "Bubba" Norwood – Drums
- Willie Kizart – Guitar
- C. V. Veal (Ike's cousin)
- Jesse Knight Jr. (Ike'due south nephew) – Bass
- Sam Rhodes – Bass[43]
- Herb Sadler – Guitar[43]
- Bonnie Turner (Ike's ex-wife) – Pianoforte, vocals[i]
- Picayune Ann (Tina Turner) – Vocals
- Annie Mae Wilson (Ike'due south ex-wife) – Pianoforte[7] [half dozen] [1]
- Johnny Wright – Guitar, Vocals
Studio lineup for A Black Homo's Soul (1969) [edit]
- Jesse Knight – Bass
- McKinley "Mack" Johnson – Drums
- Ike Turner – Guitar
- Teasky Tribble – Percussion
- Fred Sample, Ike Turner, Billy Preston on "Getting Nasty" – Piano
- Washee – Saxophone
- Jesse Heron – Trombone
- Tina Turner – Vocals
1970s members [edit]
- Ike Turner – Guitar, Organ
- Leon Blueish – Piano
- Edward Burks – Trombone
- Jackie Clark – Guitar
- Warren Dawson – Bass
- Patrick Gammon – Pianoforte
- McKinley "Mack" Johnson – Trumpet
- Marker Landon – Guitar[44]
- John Leland – Bass
- Mary Reed – Tenor saxophone
- Jimmie Smith – Tenor saxophone
- J.D. Reed – Baritone saxophone
- Soko Richardson – Drums
- Larry Reed – Tenor Saxophone
- Claude Williams – Trumpet
St Louis Kings of Rhythm lineup (1986–1987) [edit]
- Clayton Dearest – Keyboard
- Billy Gayles – Drummer, vocals
- Robbie Montgomery – Vocalist
- Stacy Johnson – Vocalist
- Oliver Sain – Saxophone
- Jimmy Hinds – Bass
- Darrel Darden – Guitar (1986)
- Marvin "Buzzy" Morton – Guitar (1987)
Current members [edit]
- Paul Smith – Keyboards, Organ
- Leo Dombecki – Keyboards, Saxophone
- Nib Ray – Drums
- Armando Cepeda – Bass
- Ryan Montana – Saxophone
- Seth Blumberg – Guitar
Fractional discography [edit]
[45] [46] [1]
Studio albums [edit]
- 1962: Ike & Tina Turner'south Kings of Rhythm Dance
- 1963: Rocks The Blues
- 1969: A Black Man's Soul
- 1972: Strange Fruit
- 1972: Dejection Roots
- 1973: Bars to Soul
- 1973: Bad Dreams
- 2001: Here And At present
- 2006: Risin' With The Blues
Alive albums [edit]
- 2002: Ike Turner's Kings Of Rhythm – The Resurrection: Live Montreux Jazz Festival, Isabel IS 640202
- 2006: Ike Turner & The Kings Of Rhythm – Live In Concert, Charly Films CHF-F1014LF [DVD/2CD]
Compilations [edit]
- 1976: Sun – The Roots Of Rock, Book 3: Delta Rhythm Kings (Charly CR-30103)
- 1976: Ike Turner'due south Kings Of Rhythm – I'm Tore Upward (Red Lightnin' RL-0016)[47]
- 1984: The Legendary Ike Turner and The Kings of Rhythm – Hey Hey (Ruddy Lightnin' RL-0047)
- 1990: Ike Turner'due south Kings Of Rhythm – Cobra Sessions 1958 (P-Vine PCD-2161)
- 2001: The Kings Of Rhythm Featuring Ike Turner – The Sun Sessions (Varèse Sarabande 302 066 232 2)
- 2004: Ike Turner And The Kings Of Rhythm – Male monarch Cobra: The Chicago Sessions (Fuel 2000/Varese 302 061 390 two)
- 2017: Ike Turner And The Kings Of Rhythm – She Made My Blood Run Cold (Southern Routes SR-CD-3502)
Singles [edit]
- 1951: "Heartbroken and Worried" / "I'm Lonesome Baby" (Chess 1459) – Ike Turner And His Kings of Rhythm,
- 1952: "My Heart Belongs To Y'all" / "Looking for My Baby"(RPM 362) – Bonnie and Ike Turner With Orchestra Acc.
- 1954: "Sinners Dream" / "Stay At Home" (Checker 792) – Eugene Fox
- 1954: "Wicked Trivial Baby" / "Why Don't You Believe In Me" (Modern 929) – Clayton Beloved
- 1954: "I Miss You And then" / "Early Times" (Modern 930) – Dennis Binder & His Orchestra
- 1954: "The Snuggle"/ "Bourbon Street Leap" (Sun 204) – Raymond Hill
- 1954: "Baby Please" / "Gypsy Blues" (Flair 1037) – Matt Cockrell
- 1954: "The Drean (Part 1)" / "The Dream (Part ii) (RPM 420) – The Fox
- 1956: "As Long As I Take You" / "I Wanna Make Love To You" (RPM 446) – The Trojans
- 1956: "What Am I To Exercise" / "I'll Die In Love With You" (Federal 12267) – The Rockers
- 1956: "My Babe'south Tops" / "Flaming Tops" (Federal 12284) – The Gardenias
- 1956: "I'g Tore Upwardly" / "If I Never Had Known Y'all" (Federal 12265) – Baton Gayles with Ike Turner's Rhythm Rockers
- 1956: "Practise Correct Baby" / "No Coming Back" (Federal 12282) – Billy Gayles With Ike Turner's Kings Of Rhythm
- 1957: "Much Later" / "The Mistreater" (Federal 12291) – Jackie Brenston With Ike Turner'due south Kings Of Rhythm
- 1957: "What Can Information technology Be" / "Gonna Wait For My Chance" (Federal 12283) – Jackie Brenston With Ike Turner'due south Kings Of Rhythm
- 1957: "Practice You Mean It" / "She Fabricated My Claret Run Common cold" (Federal 12297) – Ike Turner And His Orchestra
- 1958: "Boxtop" / "Chalypso Honey Cry" (Melody Town 501) – Ike Turner, Carlson Oliver, Footling Ann
- 1959: "Box Top" / "Walking Down The Aisle" (Cobra 5033) – Ike Turner's Kings of Rhythm
- 1959: "(I Know) You Don't Love Me" / "Downwards & Out" (Artistic 1504) – Ike Turner's Kings of Rhythm, vocal by Tommy Hodge
- 1961: "Crackerjack" / "Gettin' Late" (Crackerjack 4000) – Ike Turner's Kings of Rhythm
- 1962: "Prancing" / "It's Gonna Piece of work Out Fine" (Sue 760) – Ike & Tina'southward Kings of Rhythm
- 1962: "Drifting" / "Beloved You Baby" (Kent 45x378) – Ike Turner And His Orchestra, vocal past Bobby "Bluish" Banal
- 1963: "Solitary Soldier" / "The Bad Man" (Sony 111) – Bobby John
- 1963: "Remove My Doubts" / "Don't Believe 'Em" (Sony 113) – Stacy Johnson
- 1963: "What'south That You've Got" / "Need My Help" (Sony 114) – Ernest Lane
- 1964: "Annihilation - To Make it With You" / "Walking Down The Isle" (Sonja 2007) – Vernon Guy
- 1964: "Getting Nasty" / "Nutting Up" (Sonja 5001) – Nasty Minds
- 1965: "The New Breed (Pt. 1)" / "The New Breed (Pt. 2)" (Sue 138) – Ike Turner & His Kings of Rhythm
- 1968: "Yous Got What You Wanted" / "Too Hot To Hold" (Pompeii 66682) – Tina Turner With Ike Turner & The Kings of Rhythm
- 1972: "Soppin' Molasses" / "Bootie Lip" (United Artists 50901) – Family Vibes
- 1973: "Garbage Man" / "El Burrito" (United Artists XW278) – Family Vibes
Uncredited recordings [edit]
- 1951: "Rocket 88" / "Come Back To Where Yous Belong" (Chess 1458) – recorded at Sam Phillips' studio in Memphis, Tennessee, on March 3 or five, 1951 by Ike Turner and his band, The Kings of Rhythm (with his saxophonist and occasional vocaliser Jackie Brenston, beingness credited on the record's label [Jackie Brenston and His Delta Cats] equally the writer/performer).
- 1951: "My Existent Gone Rocket" / "Tuckered Out" (Chess 1469) – credited as Jackie Brenston and His Delta Cats
References [edit]
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- ^ a b "Grammy Hall of Fame". Recording Academy Grammy Awards. October 18, 2010.
- ^ a b Graff, Gary (April 18, 2018). "Stone and Coil Hall of Fame Inducts Songs for the First Time, Including 'Born to Exist Wild' & 'Louie Louie'". Billboard.
- ^ a b "Ike Turner". Recording Academy Grammy Awards. November 23, 2020.
- ^ a b "Earl Thomas". San Diego Reader.
- ^ a b "Mississippi Dejection Trail-Ike Turner". Mississippi Blues Trail. Mississippi Dejection Commission. Retrieved October 1, 2011.
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- ^ Romanowski, Patricia (2001). Ike and Tina Turner Biography . Simon & Schuster. pp. 1136. ISBN978-0-7432-0120-9.
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- ^ "Diverse – Dominicus: The Roots Of Rock: Book 3: Delta Rhythm Kings". Discogs.
- ^ "1958 Sun Sessions 1". 706 Matrimony Artery Sessions.
- ^ a b c Blues Unlimited: Essential Interviews from the Original Blues Magazine. Russell, Tony, Camarigg, Mark, Rowe, Mike, Greensmith, Bill. Urbana, Chicago, and Springfield: University of Illinois Printing. 2015. pp. 189–260. ISBN9780252097508. OCLC 922018263.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Guralnick, Peter (2000). Rock and Roll is Here to Stay: An Anthology. McKeen, William. W.West. Norton. p. 138. ISBN9780393047004. OCLC 41320202.
- ^ Early, Gerald Lyn. (1998). Ain't But a Identify: An Anthology of African American Writings about St. Louis. Missouri History Museum. p. 222. ISBN9781883982287. OCLC 1063306342.
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- ^ Collis, John (2003). Ike Turner- Rex of Rhythm . London: The Do Not Press. ISBN978-ane-904316-24-4.
- ^ Kasten, Roy (May 15, 2017). "Stacy Johnson, Singer with Ike Turner and Benny Sharp and the Sharpees, Has Died". Riverfront Times.
- ^ a b Roby, Steven (2012). Hendrix on Hendrix: Interviews and Encounters. Chicago Review Press. pp. 20, 139. ISBN978-1613743249.
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- ^ Ruttenberg, Jay (May 17, 2001). "Ike Turner". Time Out New York.
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- ^ "UA January. Anthology Showcases New Ike & Tina Band" (PDF). Cash Box: 12. Dec 18, 1971.
- ^ Baugh, Bob (June 27, 2018). "Jimmy Hinds: The Sound of St. Louis". KDHX.
- ^ Altman, Billy (March 19, 2001). "Bluesy Ike Turner Satisfies Curiosity At SXSW". MTV.
- ^ Drozdowski, Ted (May 24, 2001). "Living legend: Ike Turner returns to rock and roll". The Phoenix. No. May 24–31, 2001. Boston. Archived from the original on November 22, 2012.
- ^ Drozdowski, Ted Drozdowski (September 26, 2011). "King of Rhythm: A Tribute to Rock and Roll Pioneer Ike Turner". web.archive.org. Gibson. Archived from the original on Dec 13, 2007.
- ^ "Ike Turner and the Kings of the Rhythm". Jazz à Vienne.
- ^ Mark "Toomey" Bonardelli (July 19, 2002). "Blues/Rock Innovator Play Montreux". bonardelli.com.
- ^ Dougan, Katherine R. (October 8, 2002). "I Similar Ike". Jackson Free Press.
- ^ "Earl Thomas and the Kings of Rhythm" (PDF).
- ^ Blevins, Joe (March three, 2016). ""Rocket 88," the first rock song ever, turns 65 today". The A.5. Guild.
- ^ Cheal, David (November xiii, 2015). "The Life of a Song: 'Rocket 88'". Financial Times.
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- ^ Kiersh, Ed (August 1985). "Ike's Story". Spin. 1 (4): 36–43. Retrieved October v, 2011.
- ^ Lane, Ernest. "Ernest Lane biography". Ernest Lane official website. Ernest Lane. Retrieved Oct 5, 2011.
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- ^ Jordan, Oscar (January 17, 2011). "5 Funk Guitarists You Should Know". Premier Guitar . Retrieved December 17, 2019.
- ^ a b Vernon, Paul (1999). African-American blues, rhythm and blues, gospel and zydeco on film and video, 1926-1997. Ashgate. OCLC 903418900.
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- ^ Ike Turner's Kings Of Rhythm – I'm Tore Upwardly (1976, Vinyl) , retrieved February 16, 2021
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kings_of_Rhythm
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